See preliminary on Wiktionary
{
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{
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"3": "praelīmināris"
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{
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"3": "",
"4": "of or belonging to a threshold"
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"name": "cog"
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],
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{
"word": "final"
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nonpreliminary"
},
{
"word": "postpreliminary"
},
{
"word": "preliminarily"
},
{
"word": "preliminary considerations"
},
{
"word": "preliminary examination"
},
{
"word": "preliminary injunction"
},
{
"word": "preliminary results"
},
{
"word": "preliminary ruling"
}
],
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{
"text": "These are just the preliminary results.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:",
"text": "And then, after a few preliminary tries, the whole farm burst out into 'Beasts of England' in tremendous unison.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In preparation for the main matter; initial, introductory, preparatory."
],
"id": "en-preliminary-en-adj-skR30Yld",
"links": [
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"initial",
"initial"
],
[
"introductory",
"introductory"
],
[
"preparatory",
"preparatory"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "initial"
},
{
"word": "introductory"
},
{
"word": "preparatory"
}
],
"tags": [
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilkin"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ibtidai"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvaritelen",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "предварителен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podgotvitelen",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "подготвителен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chūbù",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "初步"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùbèi",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "預備 /预备"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předběžný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "voorbereidend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "alustava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminaarinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "esi-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "préliminaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣inasc̣ari",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "წინასწარი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "vorläufig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "vorbereitend"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "előzetes"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "réamh-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminare"
},
{
"alt": "よびてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yobiteki",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "予備的"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yebiui",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "예비의"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminær"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "foreløpig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminær"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "foreløpig"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstępny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "introductiv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
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"tags": [
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"neuter"
],
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},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pregătitor"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvarítelʹnyj",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "предвари́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgotovítelʹnyj",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "подготови́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminär"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "geçici"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "öncü"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "rhagarweiniol"
}
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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},
{
"enpr": "prĭlĭmʹĭnəri",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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]
}
],
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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],
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{
"ref": "1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 (of 6):",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-preliminary-en-noun-tJFZi-DH",
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[
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "introduction",
"word": "johdatus"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fi",
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}
]
},
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"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-preliminary-en-noun-8EKntt~N",
"links": [
[
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"sports"
],
[
"finalist",
"finalist"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 94 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"word": "karsinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 94 5",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"word": "karsintaottelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 94 5",
"code": "ga",
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"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 94 5",
"alt": "よせん",
"code": "ja",
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"word": "予選"
}
]
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],
"id": "en-preliminary-en-noun-QNxHEdRQ",
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],
[
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],
[
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[
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]
],
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{
"_dis1": "3 4 94",
"code": "fi",
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"word": "lämmittelyottelu"
}
]
}
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},
{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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}
],
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}
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"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
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"Terms with Welsh translations"
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{
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"4": "of or belonging to a threshold"
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"name": "cog"
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{
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],
"categories": [
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],
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{
"text": "These are just the preliminary results.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:",
"text": "And then, after a few preliminary tries, the whole farm burst out into 'Beasts of England' in tremendous unison.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In preparation for the main matter; initial, introductory, preparatory."
],
"links": [
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"initial",
"initial"
],
[
"introductory",
"introductory"
],
[
"preparatory",
"preparatory"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "initial"
},
{
"word": "introductory"
},
{
"word": "preparatory"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "prĭlĭmʹĭnĕri",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "prĭlĭmʹĭnəri",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈlɪmɪnəɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præliminary"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilkin"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ibtidai"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvaritelen",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "предварителен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podgotvitelen",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "подготвителен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chūbù",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "初步"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùbèi",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "預備 /预备"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předběžný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "voorbereidend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "alustava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminaarinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "esi-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "préliminaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣inasc̣ari",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "წინასწარი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "vorläufig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "vorbereitend"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "előzetes"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "réamh-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminare"
},
{
"alt": "よびてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yobiteki",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "予備的"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yebiui",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "예비의"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminær"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "foreløpig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminær"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "foreløpig"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstępny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "introductiv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pregătitor"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvarítelʹnyj",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "предвари́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgotovítelʹnyj",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "подготови́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "preliminär"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "geçici"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "öncü"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in preparation for the main matter",
"word": "rhagarweiniol"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"preliminary"
],
"word": "preliminary"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "préliminaire"
},
"expansion": "French préliminaire",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praelīmināris"
},
"expansion": "Latin praelīmināris",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "līmināris",
"3": "",
"4": "of or belonging to a threshold"
},
"expansion": "Latin līmināris (“of or belonging to a threshold”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the French préliminaire or from Modern Latin praelīmināris, formed from prae- (“before”) + līmen (“threshold”) + -āris (adjectival suffix); compare Latin līmināris (“of or belonging to a threshold”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "preliminaries",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "preliminary (plural preliminaries)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 (of 6):",
"text": "In the Chinese novels, often of a very literary character, devoted to masculine love, it seems that all the preliminaries and transports of normal love are to be found, while physical union may terminate the scene.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A preparation for a main matter; an introduction."
],
"links": [
[
"preparation",
"preparation"
],
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of a series of sports events that determine the finalists"
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"finalist",
"finalist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A relatively minor contest that precedes a major one, especially in boxing"
],
"links": [
[
"minor",
"minor"
],
[
"contest",
"contest"
],
[
"major",
"major"
],
[
"boxing",
"boxing"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "prĭlĭmʹĭnĕri",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-preliminary.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "prĭlĭmʹĭnəri",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈlɪmɪnəɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præliminary"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "introduction",
"word": "johdatus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "introduction",
"word": "johdanto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"word": "karsinta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"word": "karsintaottelu"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhbhabhta"
},
{
"alt": "よせん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yosen",
"sense": "any of a series of sports",
"word": "予選"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "minor contest before major one",
"word": "lämmittelyottelu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"preliminary"
],
"word": "preliminary"
}
Download raw JSONL data for preliminary meaning in All languages combined (13.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.